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Typhoon Wipha (2013)
Typhoon Wipha, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Tino, was a large typhoon that caused extensive damage in Japan in mid-October 2013. The system originated from a tropical depression well to the east of Guam on October 8. Tracking generally westward, development of the depression was initially slow; however, on October 11, favorable atmospheric conditions allowed for rapid intensification. The depression strengthened to a tropical storm that day, receiving the name ''Wipha'' at the time, and reached typhoon status on October 12. Now moving northwestward, Wipha grew into a very large system and ultimately attained its peak intensity on October 14 with winds of 165 km/h (105 mph) and an atmospheric pressure of 930 mbar (hPa; 27.46 inHg). Accelerating and turning more northerly, the typhoon weakened as conditions became less conducive for tropical cyclones. Wipha dramatically accelerated northeastward on October 15 as it interacted with a stalled out front over Japan. Simultaneously, the storm began transitioning into an extratropical cyclone, a process which it completed early on October 16. It is said that the storm caused over 100 million dollars of damage.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=October 2013 Global Catastrophe Recap )〕
==Meteorological history==
Early on October 8, 2013, the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) reported that a tropical disturbance had developed within an area of low to moderate vertical wind shear, about to the east-southeast of Anderson Air Force Base on the island of Guam. During that day, atmospheric convection started to wrap around into a consolidating low level circulation center, before the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) started to monitor the system as a tropical depression early the next day.
During October 10, the JTWC initiated advisories on the system and designated it as Tropical Depression ''25W''.〔http://www.webcitation.org/6KGfCusJR〕 Afterwards, 25W had intensified and have been declared a tropical storm, while the JMA gave the tropical storm name ''Wipha (1326)''. Later on, the JMA classified Wipha as a severe tropical storm when it strengthened on October 11, and later on October 12, 2013, Wipha intensified into a typhoon. As it was slowly moving, Wipha entered an area of warm waters and low wind shear. Due to this, the cyclone rapidly intensified into a minimal category 4 typhoon. As it did, Wipha developed a compact, small, clear eye. On the noon of October 14, the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration, also known as PAGASA, noticed that Wipha had entered the Philippine area of responsibility. As it did, it received the Philippine name ''Tino''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sunstar.com.ph/breaking-news/2013/10/14/typhoon-tino-enters-par-308521 )〕 As it weakened into a category 3 typhoon, then into a category 2 typhoon, Wipha left PAGASA's area of responsibility . Early on October 15, Wipha rapidly enfeebled as the ocean waters surrounding the typhoon began to cool as it approached Japan with category 1 status.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://rt.com/news/typhoon-japan-fukushima-leaks-219/ )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-24531140 )〕 As it came closer, it dumped very heavy rain in many areas of East Japan, killing 25. Afterwards, it was then reported that an additional 16 people perished due to landslides and flashfloods.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.westernpacificweather.com/2013/10/24/typhoon-francisco-thur-morning-evacuations-underway/ )〕 As it continued to speed up, Wipha's extratropical remnant low was last noted by the JMA during October 18, after it had crossed the international dateline and moved out of the JMA's area of responsibility.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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